论美国高等教育慈善传统的现代转型

Analysis of Philanthropic Foundations in American Higher Education

19世纪末20世纪初产生的现代慈善基金会,在很多方面有别于传统的高等教育慈善事业,可以说是美国高等教育慈善传统的现代转型。慈善理念方面,从维持传统向突出变革转变,使得慈善规模剧增。运作机制方面,有稳定的组织结构和运作程序,工作更加组织化、制度化和专门化;运作的模式逐渐定型和明朗化;运作策略的选择也更加务实。

The modern philanthropic foundations that came into being during the period from the late 19th to the early 20th, have many differences from the traditional philanthropy in American higher education. We even can say they carry out the modern transformation the philanthropy tradition in American higher education. They bring the philanthropic ideas from keeping the status of tradition transform to the reform, and then the scale of the philanthropy expands sharply. Their operation mechanism tends towards the systematism and specialization. Their operation patterns finalize the design gradually. Their operation strategy is also more surefooted.