广州市部分流动人口卫生服务需求和利用情况调查与分析

Investigation on demand and utility for health services of the floating population in Guangzhou City

目的了解广州市流动人口的卫生服务需求以及利用情况,分析有关影响因素。方法采用横断面问卷调查的研究方法,2007年10-12月在广州市流动人口较集中的白云区,采取便利抽样方法,抽取了1400名非广州户籍外来务工人员进行调查,调查内容包括人口一般情况、患病和就医情况、医疗保障水平、卫生服务的利用情况等25个问题。结果该次调查共回收有效问卷1317份,有效应答率为94.1%。1317名调查对象中,30～39岁年龄段者占63.1%,初中及以下学历占64.5%,家庭月收入在2000元以下者占67.4%;其两周患病率为22.6%,以呼吸道疾病为主。家庭月收入(OR=2.932)、就医费用支付方式(OR=0.646)、自觉健康状况(OR=0.303)、是否就诊(OR=0.652)与两周患病率有关;其就诊率为41.6%,文化程度(OR=1.535)、两周患病率(OR=0.590)、医生服务态度(OR=1.382)与就诊率有关。结论广州市流动人口的卫生服务现状尚不理想,应加强对流动人口的卫生服务。

Objective To understand the basic health status , health services demand and utility and influence factors in floating population in Guangzhou from October to December 2007. Methods A cross - sectional study based on a questionnaire survey was adopted to investigate 1 400 people who worked in Guangzhou but were not registered permanent residents of Guangzhou. The sampling was conducted with judgment in Baiyun Districts of Guangzhou City where the floating population was in high proportion. The survey content included general state of demology, condition of catching diseases and receiving medical treatment, level of medical care assurance, and utility for health services. Results The rate responding to questionnaires was achieved with 94. 1% （1 317/1 400）of the investigated population. In the 1 317 investigated people, 63.1% of them were aged between 30 to 39; 64. 5% of them were only with middle school graduate or lower, 67.4% of them had family mouthly income below 2 000 Yuan ; the two - week prevalence rate was 22. 6% in the investigated population. The diseases were mainly respiratory disorders. Factors that affected two - week prevalence rates were family income （ OR = 2. 932）, medical expenditure （ OR = 0. 646）, self- perceived health status （OR = 0. 303 ）, and visiting doctor or not （OR = 0. 652）. The consultation rate was 41.6%. Factors affecting consultation rates were education（ OR = 1. 535）, the two - week prevalence rate（ OR = 0. 590）, and the attitude of doctors （ OR = 1. 382）. Conclusion The health service status for floating population was unsatisfactory in Guangzhou City. More attention should be paid to the floating population＇s demand and utility for health services.