论刑事司法鉴定启动程序的完善

On the Improvement of the Initiation Procedure of Forensic Expertise in Criminal Procedings

完善我国刑事司法鉴定启动程序应当坚持正当程序原则和价值平衡原则,在发现案件事实真相和保证诉讼效率之间保持平衡。我国传统的司法官启动模式应当保留,在这一启动模式之下,立法应当对启动司法鉴定程序的条件做出科学规定:启动司法鉴定程序应当具备"专业性"、"必要性"和"现实可能性"。在具体程序设计上,可以将可能影响鉴定意见的证据能力的相关因素先予审查,以防止因鉴定意见不具有证据能力而被排除所导致的诉讼拖延和资源浪费。

In order to improve the initiation procedure of forensic expertise, we should adhere to the principle of due process and the principle of balance between interests, that is, to keep a balance between finding the truth and ensuring the efficiency of procedure. While keeping the traditional initiation model in which the judge has the authority to initiate the procedure, reasonable conditions of initiation should be added so as to make the initiation procedure more professional, necessary and practical. To be more specific, the judge should consider factors that would affect the admissibility of expert opinions before he initiates the procedure so as to prevent the delay of the procedure and waste of resources caused by the exclusion of expert opinions due to lack of admissibility.