基于椭球面拟合的股骨头修复建模(英文)

Prosthetic modeling for femoral head based on ellipsoid fitting

提出了一种可以获得目标病例健康时股骨头模型的新建模方法.首先利用一种精确的自动分割方法在髋骨部位CT序列图像中提取髋臼轮廓;然后使用基于等距栅格采样法与辐条式采样法相结合的混合采样法得到髋臼凹面的空间坐标点集,并剔除其中的误差采样点;最后采用基于二次曲面一般方程的方法拟合原始股骨头椭球面模型.通过对2例不同坏死程度的男性患者进行修复性的对比仿真,以及对50例不同年龄(25～79岁)患者修复重建后的匹配误差统计分析,证明此方法可以良好地还原坏死的股骨头模型,既为骨科临床中的精确手术定位提供了理论模型,又为针对个体化制造的人工假体生产提供了新的实践方法.

A novel modeling method which can restore the shape of the femoral head with collapse induced by ischemic necrosis is proposed. First, sequential tomograms of the hip are obtained from a CT scan; secondly, an accurate and automatic method is used to extract the profile of the acetabulum; thirdly, a hybrid method is utilized to gather fiducial marks on the acetabulum; fourthly, bulky error sampling points are removed. Finally, an ellipsoid fitting method is used to fit the ellipsoid model of the femoral head. Two male sufferers with different necrosis extents are chosen as experimental subjects for contrastive simulation. Fifty cases of different ages （from 25 to 79 years old） are utilized for statistical comparisons of matching errors. The prosthetic models highly resemble the primary shape of the femoral head in health. This new method provides not only a theoretical model for accurate operation position fixing in an orthopaedics clinic, but it is also an innovative practical means for the individual manufacture of artificial femoral heads.