应用遥感图像提取煤层自燃信息时必须考虑的几个影响因素

FACTORS NEED TO BE THOUGHT ABOUT WHILE USING REMOTE SENSING IMAGES TO EXTRACT COAL FIRE INFORMATION

煤层自燃是中国北方煤田中普遍存在的灾害现象，它不但烧掉了大量的煤炭资源，而且还污染了环境。实践证明，利用遥感影像判别火区位置、圈定火区范围和对火区进行动态监测，及时为灭火工程提供信息，是一项经济和社会意义很大的工作。由于受多种因素的制约，不同地区、不同波段、不同时相、不同空间分辨率的遥感图像，其影像特征（含与煤层自燃有关的热异常影像特征）都有较大的差异，因而从图像上分析和提取地物的热红外辐射特征时，需要考虑遥感图像类型、成像时间、地形条件、气象条件和岩性特征等因素的影响。本文着重讨论了地表辐射温度与上述各项因素之间的关系。

Coal fire is a commonly existed disaster in the coal fields of northen China, it burns huge amount of coal resource, worsens environment. It is an important job to use remote sensing images to detect and monitor coal fires, deliver information for firefighting. Because of some restriction, we can't get images with appropriate spectral resolution and the time of scanning we want. When analysing the images we have to take acount of the effects of image types, scanning data, DTM, climatic condition, character of rocks. The paper focuses on discussing the relationship between thermal radiant temperature and the factors mentioned above.