空气湿度对东方百合生长和切花品质的影响

Effects of Air Humidity on the Growth and Quality of Cut Flower of Oriental Hybrids Lilies

以东方百合(Liliumspp.)品种‘凝视星空’和‘巴希亚布兰卡’为材料,种植于温室进行不同湿度栽培试验,设置60%、75%和90%相对湿度水平。结果表明:湿度对两个东方百合品种的植株生长和发育有显著影响,高湿度增加了叶面积,但是推迟了开花期,缩短了切花瓶插寿命,加速了叶片衰老。高湿度下气孔增大,密度减小,叶片气孔导度和蒸腾速率提高,气孔在叶片失水后的反应迟钝,关闭速度慢于低湿度下生长的叶片。高湿度下植株茎流也慢,水分吸收少于低湿度植株。高湿度下生长的百合切花在瓶插期发生了纸叶病。

Oriental hybrids lilies ‘Star Gazer’ and ‘Bahia Blanca’ were cultivated in the greenhouse during autumn with treatments of 60% RH, 75% RH and 90% RH. The results suggested that different RH had significant effects on the growth and development for both cultivars. High RH increased the leaf area, but it delayed the flowering time, reduced the vase life of cut flowers, accelerated leaf senescence as well. High RH promoted big stomata and reduced the stomatal density, improved the stomatal conductance and transpira- tion rate. The stomata closure of leaves grown in high RH reflected slowly after desiccation than low RH. The sap flow was also slow and the water absorption amount was also lower than the lily plants grown in low RH. The paper leaves of cut flowers which were grown under high humidity occurred during the vase period.