女性冠心病患者冠状动脉病变特点及相关危险因素分析

The features of coronary lesions and cardiovascular risk factors in female patients with coronary artery disease

目的:探讨女性冠心病患者心血管危险因素及冠状动脉病变特点。方法:经冠状动脉造影确诊为冠心病的患者638例,按性别分为女性冠心病组和男性冠心病组,对两组患者的冠状动脉病变特点及冠心病危险因素进行分析。结果:冠状动脉造影结果显示,女性冠心病组单支血管病变、左前降支血管病变发生率明显高于男性冠心病组。单因素分析显示女性冠心病组不同于男性冠心病组的危险因素有高血压、高甘油三酯、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高血浆纤维蛋白原。因素回归分析显示女性冠心病组不同于男性冠心病组的危险因素有高血压病史、高甘油三酯。结论:女性冠心病患者左前降支血管病变多于男性冠心病患者,高血压、高甘油三酯是女性冠心病患者明显不同于男性冠心病患者的危险因素。

Objective To explore the cardiovascular risk factors and clinical features of coronary lesions in female patients with coronary artery disease （CAD）. Methods 638 patients with angiographically confirmed CAD were divided into two groups based on sex. The features of coronary lesions and the risk factors of CAD were analyzed in all patients. Results The incidence rates of single-vessel disease and left anterior descending artery disease were markedly higher in the female group than in the male group. Univariate analysis showed the risk factors including hypertension and high levels of triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and plasma fibrinogen differed between the female and the male. Multiple regression analysis showed that hypertension and high triglyceride levels differed between the two groups. Conclusions More female patients have left anterior descending CAD than male patients. Hypertension and high triglyceride levels are the risk factors for CAD significantly different between female and male.