老年肺不张患者的纤维支气管镜检查

Bronchofibroscopy for Elderly Patients with Pulmonary Atelectasis

报告91例老年人肺不张纤维支气管镜检查结果，88例获得病因诊断。诊断率96．7％。其中53例肺癌取得病理证据。发病原因中，肺癌56例，占61．5％，居病因首位。其他依次是：炎症，占34．1％，肺结核，占3．3％，支气管结石，占1．1％。本组资料表明，老年人右肺中叶不张的原因以炎症最多，占64.5％。在53例肺癌病理分型中，鳞癌39例，占73.6％，小细胞癌少见，有6例，占11.3％。认为纤维支气管镜检查对于老年肺不张患者的病因诊断具有重要价值。

The results of brochofibroscopic examinations in 91 elderly patients with pulmonary atelectasis were reported in the study. Pathogenic diagnosis was obtained in 88 cases (96.7%). The results show that lung cancer was the most common cause of the pulmonary atelectasis, which account for 61.5% (56 cases). Other causes leading to pulonary atelectasis are, in turn, pneumonia (34.1%), tuberculosis (3.3%) and broncholithiasis (1.1%). In the elderly, the inflammation was the most common cause of atelectasis in right middle lobe, which accounts for 64.5 percent. According to the pathologic study, there were 39 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (73.9%) and 6 cases of small cell lung carcinoma (11.3%) in 53 patients with lung cancer. It was considered that the bronchofibroocopic examination was important in the etiologic diagnosis for atelectasis in the elderly.