水环境中病毒检测方法的研究进展

Research Development of Viruses Detection in Aquatic Environment

水环境中存在130多种威胁人类健康的血清型病毒。水体中病毒浓度低,检测方法繁杂,更增加了水环境中病毒检测的难度。发展和提高水环境中病毒检测技术刻不容缓。水环境中病毒的检测可通过两个途径,一是直接检测水环境中的病毒,二是寻找水环境中病毒的指示物反映病毒的污染情况。对某种病毒的检测不能代表水环境中所有的病毒,选用病毒指示物是一个比较好的方向。但是由于对病毒指示物,尤其是噬菌体,目前的研究还不能肯定其作为病毒指示物的效果,因此还有待更进一步的研究。

More than 130 serotypes of viruses exist in aquatic environment, which are threats on human heahh. Because of the low concentration and complexity of detection method, it is difficult to assay the viruses in water. It is urgent to improve the technology of detecting viruses. Generally speaking, there are two ways to detect viruses in aquatic environment： 1, directly detect viruses in water; 2, to use viral indicators. As the detection can not indicate all the viruses in water, the usage of viral indicator seems to be a better choice to indicate the presence of viruses. But it has not been sure about the effect of viral indicator at present, especially for the bacteriophage. Further research is needed.