陕西观音山自然保护区自然资源评价与保护对策

Evaluation on and Protection Countermeasures for the Nature Resources in Guanyinshan Nature Reserve of Shaanxi

陕西观音山自然保护区地理区位优势明显而特殊,物种资源丰富,珍稀保护物种众多;植物地理成分复杂多样,起源古老;动物区系组成特殊,原始性和残遗性突出;植被类型繁多,自然生态环境和森林资源保护较为完整,既是秦岭大熊猫不同居群遗传基因交流的重要廊道,也是研究干扰栖息地恢复与大熊猫种群数量增长关系的理想场所。管护中存在周边群众自然保护意识淡薄,人为干扰破坏较多;保护与社区经济发展矛盾突出,协调管理工作任务繁重;基础设施不够完善,专业科技人员短缺,技术手段落后等问题,对此提出强化组织管理,健全组织管理体系;健全完善管理制度,强化法制宣传和管理;加强基础设施建设,完善保护设备设置;积极申请国家投资资金,争取地方政府支持;充实科研力量,提高科研水平;以保护为主,合理开发旅游资源,增强自养能力等对策。

The nature reserve in Guan Yin Shan mountain,Shaanxi, have a special and instinct geographical advantage. It has rich germ--plasm resources, plenty rare species and a complex and diverse plant geography. The fauna composition is characterized with uniqueness, primitiveness and relic nature. Rich vegetation types and intact ecological environment and forest resources make it the important corridor for gene exchange among different populations of giant panda in Qinling mountains, and ideal place for research on rehabilitation of interrupted habitats and giant panda populations. The paper pointed out the existing management problems, such as resident＇s unawareness of protection , hu- man activity disturbance, the contradiction between protection and economic development, lack of protection infrastructure and technician and equipment. The countermeasure for protection and improvement were suggested covering the enforcement of management and organization; enforcement of the law publicity, strengthening financial input from different levels of government and consolidation of technological force and research.