地震处理对AVO的影响和原始波形提取技术

Affect on AVO of seismic data processing and primary waveform extracting technique

现行的地震处理技术及流程能保留反射波的运动学特征,有利于构造勘探,但是可能会破坏反射波的动力学特征,不利于岩性勘探。事实上,几乎每个主要处理步骤都会以某种形式对地震波施加改造,这种改造作用积累到一起,会使成果资料的原始信息受到不可避免的伤害。地震处理的这种改造作用能掩盖甚至抹杀地层岩性的变化效应,基础资料的可靠性问题已经成为提高岩性勘探精度的制约瓶颈,解决这个问题的根本出路是直接提取目标层位上的原始波形。通过提取原始波形及系列配套技术,为岩性勘探、储层研究、天然气预测、裂缝识别和流体分析提供可靠的基础资料。

Although current seismic data processing technique and flow can reserve kinermatics character of reflected wave in favor of structural exploration, it can make against lithologic exploration due to demolition on dynamics character of reflected wave. In fact, running up the reconstruction on seismic wave of all main processing procedures in certain manner may result in inevitable hurt of raw information of result data, which also may conceal or obliterate variation effect of formation lithology. The surveying accuracy of lithology depends on the reliability of basic seismic data. Only directly extracting primary waveform of target stratum is the key method to resolve it. Extracting primary waveform and series support techniques can provide reliable basic seismic data for lithologic exploration, reservoir research, natural gas prediction, fracture identification and fluid analuysis.