中学校长与普通教师的职业倦怠及其保护性因素

Job Burnout and Its Relationship with Self-harmony and Interpersonal Trust:A Comparison of Principals and Teachers of Middle-schools

目的:探讨中学校长与中学普通教师的职业倦怠及其保护性因素。方法:采用Maslach教师职业倦怠问卷(MBI-ES)中文修订版、自我和谐量表(SCCS)和人际信任量表对240名中学校长和350名普通教师进行施测。结果:①中学校长的职业倦怠程度显著低于中学普通教师(P1<0.00,),而其自我和谐、人际信任得分显著高于中学普通教师(P2<0.001,P3<0.001)。②身份变量(校长、普通教师)能显著的预测职业倦怠得分(P<0.001),自我和谐对职业倦怠也有显著预测作用(P1<0.001,P2<0.001,P3<0.05),但人际信任对职业倦怠的预测不显著。③路径分析:对于中学校长群体,人际信任能显著的直接预测职业倦怠(P<0.001),自我不和谐因素起部分中介作用;而对于中学普通教师群体,人际信任对职业倦怠的直接预测不显著,自我不和谐因素起完全中介作用。结论:中学校长的职业倦怠显著低于中学普通教师,自我和谐与人际信任作为保护性因素分别在两群体中有着不同的作用机制。

Objective： To explore the job burnout of principals and teachers of middle-schools and the relationship with its protection factors. Methods： The Chinese version of Maslach＇ s Burnout Inventory-Educators Survey（MBI-ES）, the Self Consistency and Congruence Scale（SCCS） and Interpersonal Trust Scale（ITS） were administered to 240 principals and 350 teachers of middle-schools. Results： ①The principals scored lower on the MBI-ES than teachers （P1〈0.001）, and higher on the SCCS and ITS （P2〈0.001, P3〈0.001）. ②The position variable （principal or teacher） and self-harmony significantly predicted job burnout （P1〈0.001, P2〈0.001 ）, while interpersonal trust didn＇t. ③Pathway analysis： for principals, interpersonal trust directly predicted job burnout, and self-harmony mediated the relationship of interpersonal trust and job burnout; for teachers, the prediction didn＇t work directly, and self-harmony completely mediated the relationship of them. Conclusion： Principals of middle schools have apparently lower scores on the MBI-ES than teachers, and the two protection factors of self-harmony and interpersonal trust work differently in the two groups.