性激素对人卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡的作用

The Effect of Sex Steroids on Human Ovarian Granulosa Cell Apoptosis

目的通过探讨雌、雄激素对人卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡的作用，阐明其调节人类卵泡闭锁的分子机制。方法应用细胞培养、选择性ＤＮＡ抽提和琼脂糖凝胶电泳技术分析闭锁卵泡和发育中卵泡颗粒细胞的凋亡状况，及雌激素（１μｇ／ｍｌ）、雄激素（１μｇ／ｍｌ）对体外培养发育中的卵泡颗粒细胞凋亡的作用；用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ印迹杂交技术检测经雌、雄激素刺激后发育中的卵泡颗粒细胞ｂｃｌ－２基因ｍＲＮＡ表达的变化。结果闭锁卵泡颗粒细胞均出现凋亡，ｂｃｌ－２基因ｍＲＮＡ表达下降，雌激素则可致相反的效应。结论卵泡闭锁的本质可能是其细胞发生凋亡；雄激素促进卵泡闭锁、雌激素对抗雄激素作用及促进卵泡发育的机理。

ObjectivesTo study the molecular mechanism of human follicular atresia by exploring the effects of estrogen, androgen on human granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis.Methods Ovarian GC DNA fragments of both atretic and developing follicles before and after estrogen (1 μg/ml), androgen (1 μg/ml) treatments were analysed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The expression of bcl 2 mRNA was also determined by northern blotting in GC of developing follicle after sex steroids addition.ResultsInternucleosomal DNA cleavage occurred in granulosa cells in atretic follicles and after and rogen treatment.Ingranulosa cellsof developing follicles, estrogen treatment increased the expression of bcl 2 mRNA by 45%,while androgen treatment downregulated the expression of bcl 2 mRNA by 35%. Conclusion Androgens increase apoptotic DNA fragmentation,and decrease the expression of bcl 2 mRNA in GC of developing follicles,while estrogens produce the opposite effect.Therefore,expression of bcl 2 may be involved in the mechanism of follicular development and atresia.