柔性构件和柔性机构自由度分析

Analysis on degree of freedom of flexible components and flexible mechanisms

柔性机构由刚性构件、刚性铰链、柔性构件和柔性铰链4个元素组成,4个元素的不同组合可以得到11种不同类型的柔性机构。文中分析了其中5种常用的结构形式与特征。柔性构件的自由度及其变形规律在机构功能中起重要作用,它们是几何特性、材料特性和载荷特性的函数。在分析柔性构件自由度的基础上,给出了柔性机构的自由度计算公式,并用实例进行了验算。

Flexible mechanism was constituted by 4 elements of rigidity component, rigidity hinge, flexible component and flexible hinge. Different combinations of 4 elements may get 11 kinds of different typed flexible mechanisms. Among them 5 kinds of the commonly used structural shapes and characteristics were analyzed in this paper. The degree of freedoms of flexible component and its deformation rule played important role in the structural function, and they were the functions of geometrical property, material property and loading property. On the basis of analyzing the degree of freedom of flexible component the computation formula for the degree of freedom of flexible mechanism was presented, and the checking computation was carried out by the use of a living example.