皖北矿区婴幼儿气质特点调查分析

Survey of the temperament of infants in the mining area of North Anhui

目的：了解皖北矿区婴幼儿的气质类型和特点。方法：采用小婴儿气质问卷、婴儿气质问卷和幼儿气质评估表,对230名婴幼儿进行气质维度和气质类型的测评。结果：1-36个月婴幼儿气质类型以易养型和中间偏易养型居多,分别占37.83%和40.87%;难养型和中间偏难养型分别占11.74%和5.65%;启动缓慢型最少,占3.91%。不同性别的儿童气质类型分布和各气质维度差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：婴幼儿气质类型的分布相对稳定,婴幼儿的年龄越小,气质类型和气质维度性别差异越小。

Objective： To investigate the temperament types and characteristics of infants in the mining areas of North Anhui. Methods：Questionnaires were made in 230 infants to investigate the temperament types and temperament dimensions. Results：The majority of the infants from 1 to 36 months was easy-to-raise type and intermediate-easy-to-raise type, which accounted for 37.83 % and 40.87% respectively; infants of difficult-to-raise type and intermediate-difficult-to-raise type accounted for 11.74% and 5.65% respectively;only a few were low-to-warm-up type, representing only 3.91%. There was no sexual difference between temperament types or dimensions （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. Conclusions ： The distribution of the temperament type is relatively stable in infants. The younger the infants are , the less difference can be observed in the temperament type and dimension between sexes.