我国非农业职业人群上下班交通方式的现状分析

Modes of Transportation by Chinese Non-agriculture Employed Population

目的分析我国非农业职业人群上下班交通方式,为制定相应干预措施提供基础资料。方法使用2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查数据,对我国非农业职业人群11539名(男性6906名,女性4633名)上下班交通情况进行分析。结果我国非农业职业人群步行、骑车、乘车和混合交通方式上下班的比例分别是33.0%,39.4%,14.9%和12.7%,不同年龄组、性别、城乡和家庭收入非农业职业人群交通方式差别有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。步行上下班的非农业职业人群平均每天上下班步行26.6min,骑车上下班的人群平均每天上下班骑车36.8min,乘车上下班的人群平均每天上下班坐车58.4min。不同年龄组、城乡和不同家庭收入人群间平均每天不同交通方式时间有差异。结论我国非农业人群以步行和骑车上下班为主,年龄、性别、地区和家庭收入影响他们的交通方式。

Objective To describe the types of transportation by Chinese employed population and to identify socioeconomic correlates for developing intervention strategies. Methods The data of 2002 China Nutrition and Health Survey was used. The information on modes of transportation of 11 593 workers （males 6 906, females 4 633） was described. Results The proportion of walking, cycling, taking bus/driven by ear and using multiple modes of transportation in non-agriculture employed population was 33.0%, 39.4%, 14.9% and 12.7%, respectively. There were age, gender, region and family income difference in the proportion of transportation modes （P〈0.01）. The non-agriculture employed participants spent 26.6 min/d on walking, 36.8 min/d on cycling, and 58.4 min on taking bus or being driven by car for transportation both to and from workplace, respectively. There were age, region and family income difference in time spent in the three modes of transportation. Conclusion The main mode of transportation to and from workplace is walking and cycling in non-agriculture employed population in China and socioeconomic factors influence the mode of transportation.