敦煌变文《舜子变》中的后母形象解析

Analysis of the Stepmother Image in Shunzi Bianwen of Dunhuang Bianwen

敦煌变文《舜子变》记载舜行孝故事最详细最完备,也是我们研究唐五代时期家庭关系的重要材料之一。尤其是其中塑造的后母形象,虽在《尚书》、《孟子》、《列女传》、《史记》等传世文献中都有记载,但发展到《舜子变》已经与史传系统大不相同。变文中的后母形象来源于史传文学和民间传说两个系统,并随着时代和社会的变迁逐渐演变。变文中的后母形象,不仅反映了后母在文学史上的变迁,也直接展现了唐五代时期后母这一特殊身份在家庭关系中的地位。

＂Shunzi Bianwen＂ of Dunhuang Bianwen records the most detailed and comprehensive story of Shun who cares about his family thoughtfully, and it is one of the most important records helping us study the family relations of the five dynasties of Tang, especially the portrait of the stepmother. Although the records of the stepmother image are kept in the documents of＂Shangshu ＂, ＂Mencius＂, ＂Biographies of Women in Ancient China＂, ＂Historical Records＂ and so on, it is quite different in ＂Shunzi Bianwen＂ in which the stepmother image originates from the literature and folklore systems and develops gradually with time and social development. The stepmother in the Bianwen not only reflects the change of this image in literature but also presents directly a stepmother- the special status in the family relations in the five dynasties of Tang.