空间碎片减缓措施研究

Research on Space Debris Mitigation Measures

空间碎片减缓是人类航天活动可持续发展的重要保障。从技术和法律2个层面开展空间碎片减缓措施研究。在对不同技术措施进行比较分析的基础上,提出空间碎片减缓应综合运用以消能、垃圾轨道和脱轨为主的技术措施;针对空间碎片减缓的立法现状,呼吁应加强国际和国内立法来减缓空间碎片。最后,基于我国空间碎片减缓发展程度和特点,提出我国应以垃圾轨道和脱轨技术为主,以可重复航天器为辅发展空间碎片减缓技术,并加快国内空间立法进程,尽快制定空间碎片减缓的法律法规。

Space debris mitigation is the important guarantee that can ensure the continuable development of mankind space activity. The paper studies space debris mitigation as viewed of technology and law. On the basis of comparing of different technology measures, the paper advances that space debris mitigation should synthetically exert the measures of passivation, tomb orbit and digression. Based on the current legislation of space debris mitigation, the paper calls on strengthening international and national legislation to mitigate space debris. Finally, in view of the development and characteristics of space debris mitigation in china, the paper advances that our country should give priority to tomb orbit and digression, reuse spacecraft to develop space debris mitigation technology, and quicken the step of national space legislation, constitute the law of space debris mitigation.