论英国行政法的合理性原则

On the Principle of Reasonableness of English Administrative Law

合理性原则是英国行政法的标志性原则。该原则兴起于积极行政的社会背景之下,集中体现着法治的实质精神,是普通法院控制行政裁量权滥用的基本准则。在适用范围上,该原则不仅拘束议会授予的行政裁量权,而且限制源于君主特权的行政裁量权。在适用要求上,认定行政裁量行为不合理的主要标准是背离法定目的、不相关考虑与非正常判断。

The principle of reasonableness is a symbolic principle of English administrative law. It sprung up under the social background of positive administration. As a basic principle of the common courts to control the abuse of administrative discretion, it embodies the substantive spirit of the rule of law. Not only the administrative discretion power granted by parliament but also the administrative discretion power arises from royal prerogative is controlled by this principle. Contrary to the purpose of law, irrelevant consideration and abnormal judgement are the main criteria of unreasonable adminis- trative discretion.