人胎儿和新生儿小脑皮质神经细胞发育的观察

Observation on the development of cerebellar cortex of human fetal and newborn infants

目的探讨人胎儿和新生儿小脑皮质发育的变化规律。方法应用形态测量学方法对30例5～10月龄胎儿及6例新生儿小脑皮质神经细胞的发育进行观测。结果外颗粒层厚度和密度均是先增加后减小,分子层和蒲肯野细胞层的厚度逐龄增大,密度则逐龄减小;内颗粒层的厚度和密度则逐龄增大,以上变化均在7～8月间较明显。结论7～8月间是胚胎神经细胞发育的重要时期。外颗粒层细胞是小脑皮质发育的次级增生区,出生后小脑皮质神经细胞的增生仍在继续。

Objective To study the development of cerebellar cortex of human fetal and newborn infants. Methods The development of cerebeilar cortex neuron of 30 human fetuses（6-10 M ）and 6 newborn infants were studied with morphometry methods. Results The thickness and density of the external granular layer （EGL）,increased at the beginning and decreased at latter with the fetal development, The thickness of the molecular layer （ML） and Pukinje cell layer （PCL） increased while their density decreased with the fetal development, The thickness and density of the Internal granular layer （IGL） increased with the fetal development, and significant changed during 7-8M. Conclusion The important phase for cerebeilar cortex development is at 7-8M fetal phase, The external granular layer were secondary proliferative zone, The proliferation of the eerebellar cortex nuerons continued after birth.