清末狱政改革与南京老虎桥监狱的设立

Prison Reform in Late Qing Dynasty and the Establishment of Nanjing Tiger Bridge Prison

狱政改革是"清末新政"的一个重要内容。在清廷改良派和资产阶级民主派的推动下,在西方列强对清朝狱政的严厉指责下,清廷不得不对狱政进行了较为彻底的改革。经过改革,狱政的思想、制度与监狱都有了巨大的改变。老虎桥监狱建立于狱政改革时期,是狱政改良的试验所,它的规制与管理完全是按照新狱政思想建立的新式模范监狱。考察老虎桥监狱建立与管理制度,有利于加深对清末狱政改革的理解。

Prison reform is an important content of the new policies in late Qing Dynasty.Driven by bourgeois democratic and reformists in the Qing Court,and criticized by the western powers,Qing government was forced to carry out a thorough reform in prison system.After the reform,notion,system and condition of prisons took a huge change.The Tiger Bridge Prison,established in the period of prison reform,was an experiment of prison system reformism.The regulation and management of the prison is completely in accordance with new model prison based on new prison system.The investigation of the establishment and management of the Tiger Bridge Prison deepens the understanding of the prison reform in late Qing Dynasty.