团队凝聚力的构成要素及形成过程

The constituent elements and the formation process of team cohesion

探讨了影响团队凝聚力的因素,由10项要素构成:团队的目标、团队带头人的气质、成员的组成、外部环境、团队的人文环境、团队规则、团队奖惩制度、协作方式、运行方式、成果分配等。团队凝聚力的形成需要经历胚胎期、磨合期、整合期、形成期和成熟期等几个主要过程。努力精心构造10项要素,在各个阶段注意其不同的特点,可逐步达到形成团队凝聚力之目的。

The paper discusses the effects of team cohesion factors. It usually includes 10 elements： the team goals, the team leaders for the temperament, the composition of member, the external environment, the humanistic environment, team rules, system of rewards and penalties, collaborative approach,running rules, the achievements distribution and so on. Team cohesion needs several major processes such as experience of fetal embryonic period, the running-in stage, the integration period, the formation period and a maturity period. By carefully constructing the 10 elements in various stages according to their different characteristics, the aim of team cohesion can be gradually achieved.