中国核桃属具特异性状的品种资源

Cultivar Resources of Chinese Juglans with Special Characteristics

为了研究和利用我国丰富的核桃种质资源，为育种提供基础资料，介绍了2个具有特异性状的核桃属植物新品种：一种是观赏核桃新品种“艺核1号”，这是选自中国仅有的河北优良观赏类核桃，其坚果棱角突起，壳厚致密，纹理丰富，极适宜于雕刻，树体高大，树姿半开张，为雄先型品种；另一种是果材兼用的核桃新品种“青林”，该品种来源于实生树，其坚果自然成熟期为9月下旬，比其它核桃品种晚熟15～20d，具有树体生长快、树干通直、结实晚、坚果品质优良等特性，“青林”核桃木材色泽的最佳期为30年以内，此时期采伐或间伐，其干高达4．0m，胸径达0．5m，树干光滑，为一级木材。

In order to study and use the rich cultivar resources of Chinese Juglans, and to provide basic data for breeding, two new cultivars of Juglans with special characteristics were introduced; ＇Yihe NO. 1＇, a protandrous cultivar for viewing, was from Hebei province, its nuts had protruding edges and corners, thick and dense shell with rich texture, was appropriate for engraving, tree was tall and semi-open; ＇Qinglin） was from natural seedling tree, a new cultivar which both nut and timber can he used, itsnut matured in later September, 15-20 days later than other eultivars, tree had rapid groWth, straight trunk, late mature and nuts of good quality. The best period of ＇Qinglin＇ timber＇s color was in 30 years, when cut down before this time, the trunk was smooth and almost 4.0 m tall, it＇s diameter at breast height was 0. 5 m. It is suggested that the level of ＇Qinglin＇ timber was class A.