血水草生物碱对钉螺肝脏的影响

Effect of Eomecon chionantha alkaloids on liver cells of Oncomelania hupensis

目的观察经血水草生物碱(ECA)水溶液浸泡后钉螺肝脏超微结构及丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)的变化,探讨ECA杀灭钉螺的作用机理。方法用ECA浸泡钉螺48 h,解剖钉螺,取肝脏用常规方法制作透射电镜标本,采用日立H-600型透射电镜观察组织结构。测定25℃、不同浓度ECA、在不同时间对钉螺肝脏ALT、AST活性的影响。结果ECA浸泡后,钉螺肝细胞肿胀、变性,内质网扩张呈空泡状。线粒体嵴肿胀、模糊不清,部分嵴断裂或丢失,呈空泡变。毛细胆管扩张。部分细胞核坏死出现溶解或萎缩。绒毛减少、不规则或消失。在24 h和36 h时,ALT、AST酶活性均随ECA浓度的增加而升高,以后逐渐下降,各实验组与清水对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。结论肝细胞损伤是血水草生物碱致钉螺死亡的重要原因。

Objective To explore the mechanism of Eomecon chionantha alkaloids （ECA） against Oncomelania hupensis by means of observing the effect of ECA on the liver cell structure of O. hupensis. Methods O. hupensis snails were dissected ＇after immersed in ECA for 48 hours, and the testes and liver were eollected and made as electron microscopy samples by the conventional method. The change of structure was observed bv a transmission electron microscope. The activities of alanine aminotransferase （ALT） , aspartate transaminase （AST） of the snail liver were tested at the temperature of 25 ℃ and in the different immersion time and ECA concentrations. Results After immersed in ECA, the liver cells were swollen and degenerate. The rough en- doplasma reticulum （RER） was destroyed and the vesieulated and mitoehomdrias were swollen up and vesieulated, and the cristae of mitochondria were swollen, unclear, ruptured or lost, and of saccules. The bile canaliculus lumen was of enlargement. The nucleus were atrophied, coagulating or dissolving. Tbe microvilli between the ceils near the gland channel were less, irregular or disappeared. The activities of ALT and AST of the snail liver was significantly increased compared with the control at the immersion periods of 24 and 36 h and then gradually decreased. Conclusion The main mechanism of killing O. hupensis of ECA is due to the damage of snail liver cells.