6Seral B, Garcia JM, Cegonino J, et al. Finite element study of intramedullary osteosynthesis in the treatment of trochanteric fractures of the hip : Gamma and PFN [ J ]. Injury, 2004, 35: 130.
7Sadowski C, Lubbeke A, Saudan M, et al. Treatment of reverse oblique and transverse intertrochanteric fractures with use of an intramedullary nail or 95°screw-plate [ J]. J Bone Joint Surg( Br), 2002, 84 : 372.
二级参考文献18
1[1]Pervez H, Parker MJ, Pryor GA et al. Classification of trochanteric fractures of the proximal femur: a study of the reliability of current systems. Injury, Int J Care Injured, 33 (2002) 713～715.
2[2]Olsson O, Ceder L, Hauggaard A. Femoral shortening in intertrochanteric fractures. J Bone Joint Surg, 2001,83B:572～528.
3[3]Herrera A, Domingo LJ, Calvo A, et al. A comparative study of trochanteric fractures treated with the Gamma nail or the proximal femoral nail. Int Orthop, 2002, 26(6) :365～369.
4[4]Schipper IB, Steyerberg EW, Castelein RM et al. Treatment of unstable trochanteric fractures. Randomised comparison of the gamma nail and the proximal femoral nail. J Bone Joint Surg Br,2004, 86(1) :86～94.
5[5]Simmermacher RK, Bosch AM, Van der Werken C. The AO/ASIF- proximal femoral nail (PFN): a new device for the treat ment of unstable proximal femoral fractures. Injury, 1999, 30(5) :327～332.
6[6]Galanakis P, Bickel H, Gradinger R, et al. Acute confusional state in the elderly following hip surgery: incidence, risk factors and complications. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 2001, 16(4): 349～355.
7陆裕朴 胥少汀 葛宝丰.实用骨科学(第2版)[M].北京:人民军医出版社,2002.677.
8Haiddukewych GJ, Isreal TA, Berry DJ, et al. Reverse obliquity fractures of the intertrochantericregion of the femur. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 2001, 83:643
9SpivakJ M, ZuckermanJD, KummerFJ, etal. Fatigue failure of sliding screw in hip fracture fixation: report of three cases. Orthop Trauma, 1991, 5:325
10Haynes RC, Poll RG. Miles AW, et al. Failure of femoral head fixation: a cadaveric analysis of lag screw cut out with the gamma locking nail and AO DHS. Injury, 1997: 28:337
