钒对大鼠肝脏生长及结构的影响

Effect of Vanadium on liver growth and tissue structure in rat

为探讨微量元素钒对大鼠肝脏生长发育的影响,150只大鼠随机分成5组,每组30只,雌雄各半,试验组分别饮用添加不同剂量钒的饮水(10,20,40,60mg/kg),对照组饮饲蒸馏水,于饮饲后2,4,6,8,10周断脊处死,取肝脏测质量并制作石蜡、超薄切片,光学、电子显微镜观察,显微摄影。结果显示,试验Ⅰ组(10mg/kg)、试验Ⅱ组(20mg/kg)、试验Ⅲ组(40mg/kg)大鼠肝脏质量较对照组增加,其中试验Ⅱ组增加显著(P<0.05),而试验Ⅳ组(60mg/kg)较对照组肝脏质量减轻。显微观察可见,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组肝脏组织结构清晰,肝细胞大而圆;试验Ⅲ组肝细胞有脱落现象且轻度水肿;试验Ⅳ组肝脏质量与同一对照组相比减小,肝细胞界限不清晰且水肿、颗粒及脂肪变性严重。试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组超微观察可见,肝细胞内线粒体和内质网结构正常;试验Ⅳ组肝细胞内线粒体和内质网断裂、溶解、肿胀。结果表明,大鼠饮水中添加40mg/kg以下剂量的钒对大鼠是安全的,饮饲60mg/kg钒对大鼠肝脏有毒害作用。

To study the effect of microelement Vanadium on liver growth in SD rat, 150 SD rats were randomly divided into five groups,and the experiment groups Ⅰ-Ⅳ drank the water added the different dosage Vanadium （10, 20,40,60 mg/kg）, the control groups fed with distilled water. After 2,4,6,8 and 10 weeks, 6 rats of each group were executed with break ridge to weight liver and make tissue super thin slice for electron microscopy and photomi- crography. The result showed that when the vanadium dosage was 10,20,40 mg/kg, the weight of liver increased compared with the control groups, especially in the Exp Ⅱ , but the weight of ExpⅣ was decreased. The organizational structure of the Exp Ⅰ and Exp Ⅱ was clear,the liver cell was big and round,the cell of ExpⅢ exfoliated and edema. The weight of ExpⅣ decreased compared with the control groups of the same week, the cell boundary was not clarity, granule and fatty denaturalization. The structure of mitoehondria and endoplasmic retieulum was natural in Exp Ⅰ ,Exp Ⅱ , Exp Ⅲ. Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum brok and dissolved in ExpⅣ. When the Vanadium dosage was under 40 mg/kg,it was safe to the rat,more than 60 mg/kg was toxic effect.