多基地周视红外搜索系统的目标定位与精度分析

Target location and accuracy analysis of multi-station infrared panoramic searching system

针对周视红外搜索系统对目标的搜索定位问题,提出了一种新的目标定位模型,推导了定位误差公式。在建立这种目标定位模型的推导过程中,分析了影响目标搜索定位的主要因素,如搜索站站址误差,各站对目标定位的方位角误差、俯仰角误差以及目标距离等。采用矩阵分析并利用提高数据冗余的方法推导了目标的三维坐标及相对各搜索基地的距离值的表达式,由此加快了计算目标定位误差的处理速度。最后,通过仿真试验并利用定位误差的三维几何分布(GDOP)图分析了三站、正方形四站、菱形四站及五站模式的周视搜索系统对目标的定位误差及分布规律。结果表明,针对周视红外搜索系统,这种新的算法中正方形四站模式与其它几种模式相比具有最高的精度。

A new algorithm model for target location was proposed to increase the detecting capability of infrared panoramic searching systems and a location error formula was also deduced. In the new algorithm model, the effects of the distance a target, measurement errors of azimuth and elevation and the measurement errors of longitude and latitude for receivers on the detection precision of target location were investigated. The formulae for the 3D coordinate and distance of the target were obtained by a matrix analytical method. The location errors of target in four different methods including three-station method, square-station method, rhombic-station method and five-station method were analyzed and compared using the Geometrical Dilution of Precision （GDOP） graphs. Analyzed results show that the GDOP distributing order of five-station is similar to that of the square-station, but the error values are higher than that of the square-station. The error distribution of rhombic-station is different from that of the square-station, and the location behavior is worse than that of the square station. The results show that the location error of square station is the smallest among the four different models mentioned above.