不同品种(类型)的乌桕叶乙醇提取物灭螺活性研究

A Study on Molluscicidal Activities of Ethanol Extracts from Leaves of Different Varieties(Types) of Sapium sebiferum

利用植物的有效成分毒杀钉螺(Oncom elania hupensis)被认为是控制血吸虫病蔓延的有效方法。乌桕是一种耐水湿的抑螺植物,为比较不同乌桕(Sapium sebiferum)品种(类型)的灭螺活性,筛选出抑螺活性强的乌桕品种(类型),通过浸杀实验进行11个品种(类型)的乌桕叶乙醇提取物对钉螺毒杀作用的研究。结果表明,不同品种(类型)乌桕叶乙醇提取物对钉螺均具有一定的毒杀活性,且钉螺死亡率随着提取物浓度的增加及处理时间的增加而增加,其中以蜈蚣桕(Sapium sebiferumvar.laxicarpa)、赣丰1号(Sapium sebiferum‘Ganfeng1’)、大鸡爪(Sapium sebiferumvar.conferticarpa)3个品种(类型)灭螺效果较好。

Use of plant active components to kill Oncomelania hupensis is considered as an efficient mol- luscicidal method. Sapium sebiferum is a water - tolerant plant against snails. To compare their activities and to screen the most active molluscicide, O. hupensis killing experiments were made using the ethanol extract from 11 kinds of S. sebiferum. The results show that all of them have certain killing effect on O. hupensis. With the concentrations of the ethanol extract increasing and the treating time prolonging, the mortality of O. hupensis rises. Among 11 kinds of S. sebiferum,S, sebiferum var. laxicarpum,S, sebiferum＇Ganfeng l＇and S. sebiferum var. conferticarpa, are proved to be most effective.