女性不孕患者心理社会因素的病例对照研究

A case-control study on the psychosocial factors of infertile women

目的:探讨女性不孕症患者的心理社会影响因素。方法:采用病例对照研究对不孕女性患者进行社会支持评定量表、艾森克人格评定量表(EPQ)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)的测试。结果:女性不孕患者所获得的社会支持较少,表现为客观支持少和对社会支持的利用度不够。EPQ测试显示不孕患者的个性特征表现为性格内向和情绪不够稳定。SCL-90测试结果显示除躯体化症状和精神病性症状外,其余因子分不孕组均显著高于对照组,其中最高的为强迫因子和抑郁因子,其他依次为人际关系敏感因子、敌对因子、焦虑因子、饮食睡眠因子、偏执因子和恐怖因子;不孕组的总分和阳性数均显著高于对照组(P<0.001)。二分类非条件Logistic回归分析显示,主观分越高、文化程度越高,不孕发生率越低;抑郁是女性不孕的危险因素。结论:女性不孕症患者的社会心理问题比躯体症状更加明显,在为女性不孕患者进行躯体症状治疗的同时有必要实施心理干预和社会治疗。另外提高女性文化程度可能减少不孕症的发生。

Objective：To explore the psychosocial factors of infertile women.Methods：A hospital-based case-control study was carried on infertile women by Social Support Requirement Scale（SSRS）,Eysenck Personality Quest ionnaire（EPQ） and Symptom Checklist 90（SCL-90）.Results：Infertile women received less social supports,especially less objective social support and poorer ability in getting support.The results of EPQ showed that infertile patients were more introverted,more unstable in mood.The results of SCL-90 showed that patients had many psychosomatic symptoms.All the scores of eight factors excluding somatization and psychoticism in infertile women were significantly higher than those in control group,in which the highest scores of factors were compulsion and depression,and the other higher scores of factors were decreased successively as follows：interpersonal sensitivity,hostility,anxiety,diet and sleep,paranoid ideation and phobia anxiety;the total score and the positive number in infertile women were significantly higher than those in control group（P〈0.001）.Logistic regression analysis showed that depression was a risk factor of infertile women.Conclusion：The psychosocial problems are more serious than the somatic disease for infertile women.Providing better education,mental intervention and sociotherapy for women will reduce the incidence of infertility.