光伏-温差混合能源的优化设计与实验研究

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION AND OPTIMIZATION ON PHOTOVOLTAIC-THERMOELECTRIC HYBRID POWER SOURCE

提出一种混合能源的设计方法,以太阳电池为温差电池的高温端热源,采用散热器为温差电池低温端散热,使得温差电池高温端和低温端形成温差,成功产生了电能。该文对光伏-温差混合能源进行优化设计和实验研究。实验结果发现,采用针肋散热器时,温差电池的开路电压大于采用肋片散热器时温差电池的开路电压;对比采用铝质散热器,采用铜质散热器时的温差电池开路电压容易出现较大波动性;采用24mm厚针肋铝质散热器时,温差电池的开路电压最大。温差电池通过DC/DC为超级电容器充电,当冷、热端温差在1.4℃时,工作电流为5.16mA,工作电压为0.41V,功率为2.11mW。

Exposed to the sun, silicon solar cells will convert solar radiation energy into not only electric energy but also heat energy. The heat energy will induce the temperature rise of the solar cells. A kind of hybrid power source is presented in this paper. The solar cells are the heat source for thermoelectric generators （TEG） and the heat sinks used to dissipate heat are for cold-side of the TEG. The temperature difference between the hot-side and the cold-side makes the TEG produce electricity. The experimental investigation and the optimization of the photovoltaic-thermoelectric hybrid power souroe are presented. Experimental results demonstrate that the open circuit voltage of the TEG using pin-fin heat sinks is higher than the open circuit voltage using plate-fin heat sinks in the hybrid power source; comparing with the open circuit voltage of TEG using aluminium heat sinks is prone to fluctuate with the change of the environment condition using copper heat sinks; the open circuit voltage of TEG is the highest using the aluminium pin-fin heat sinks with 24mm thickness. TEG can charge an uhracapacitor through a DC/DC converter. When the temperature difference between the cold-side and the hot-side is 1.4℃, the output current is 5.16mA, the output voltage is 0.41V,and the output power is 2. 11mW.