淮南市秋季大气可吸入颗粒物中多环芳烃污染特征研究

Pollution Characteristics of PAHs in PM10 in Huainan City in Autumn

目的研究淮南市秋季大气可吸入颗粒物(PM10)中多环芳烃的污染特征。方法于2007年11月采集淮南市交通区、化工区、商业区、文教区和居民区5个功能区大气中的PM10,并利用GC-MS对样品中PAHs进行分析,研究不同功能区PM10中PAHs的种类及其空间污染特征。结果淮南市秋季PM10中含有萘、苊、二氢苊、芴、菲、蒽、荧蒽、芘、苯并[a]蒽、、苯并[b]荧蒽、苯并[k]荧蒽、苯并[a]芘、茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘、二苯并[a,h]蒽、苯并[ghi]苝15种优控多环芳烃化合物。交通区、化工区、商业区、文教区和居民区大气PM10中PAHs的浓度分别为38.28、33.34、45.23、33.78、19.79ng/m3;含量分别为174.68、136.37、164.28、196.92、167.81μg/g。不同环数PAHs所占比例分布较一致,4、5环PAHs含量占优势,在不同功能区均约占多环芳烃总浓度的60%以上。结论不同功能区PM10中PAHs浓度依次为:商业区>交通区>文教区>化工区>居民区;各功能区采样点的PM10中4～5环PAHs占优势,说明淮南市秋季大气中PM10其来源具有一定的相似性。

Objective To reveal pollution characteristics of PAHs in PM10 collected from Huainan city in the autumn. Methods PM10 was sampled in five different function areas including traffic area, chemical industry area, commercial area, residential area, cultural area in Huainan city in November 2007. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） was used to determine PAHs, the spatial pollution characteristic of PAHs was analyzed. Results Fifteen priority control PAHs were detected in the PM10 in Huainan, including naphthalene, acenaphthylene, fluorine, phenanthrene, antheraeene, fluroanthene, pyrene, benz [a]anthraeene, chrysene, benzo[b]anthracene, benzo[ k ]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, indeno[ 1,2,3-cd ]pyrene, dibenzo[a,h ]anthracene, benzo[ g,h,i ]perylene. The concentration of PAHs at five function areas was as follows, the traffic area： 38.28 ng/m^3, the chemical industry area： 33.34 ng/m3, the commercial area： 45.23 ng/m3, the cultural area： 33.78 ng/m^3, the living area： 19.79 ng/m^3 , the contents of PAHs in PM10 were 174.68,136.37,164.28,196.92 and 167.81 μg/g respectively. The distribution of various rings ratio of PAHs proved consistent in different function zones, where four and five rings accounted for more than 60% of the concentration of PAHs. Conclusion The concentration of PAHs in different function areas ranked as the commercial area〉 the traffic area〉 the cultural area〉 the chemical industry area〉 the living area, and the PAHs with four rings to five rings in PM10 were the dominant PAHs, which proves that the sources of PM 10 in autumn have a certain similarity in Huainan city.