生境制图在生境质量评价中的应用--以上海市闵行区为例

Application of Biotope Mapping in Assessment of Biotope Quality in Minhang District,Shanghai

文章根据2003年3月所摄彩红外航片,在城市土地利用类型划分的基础上结合野外植被调查绘制了上海市闵行区的生境图,并依据相对盖度和相对物种丰富度以及地表水水质质量初步划分了生境质量等级图。通过将地理信息系统与生物多样性研究相结合探讨和评价了闵行区的生境质量,为该地区的生物多样性保护和城市生态规划提供科学依据。结果表明:闵行已无Ⅰ、Ⅱ类生境质量区,除公园生境属于陆生Ⅲ类外,其它绿地生境类型均为陆生Ⅳ类。造成闵行区高质量生境较少的主要原因是在城市化发展过程中,动植物的原生生境遭到干扰和破坏;在城市绿化过程中对乡土种的摒弃,对外来种的青睐,致使该地区植物物种单一。

Biotope map of Minhang District, Shanghai was drawn based on aerial photographs taken in March 2003 and field investigation. Grade of biotope quality was assessed and mapped preliminarily according to relative cover, relative species richness of plants and surface water quality. Results indicated that there was no Grade I and II of biotope quality in the terrestrial biotope in the District, the District fell into Grade IV of biotope quality except for biotope of park. Reason for little high quality biotope was that natural biotope of plants had been destroyed during urban development and native species of plant were rejected and external species of plants were introduced in urban landscape, which caused single species of plants and low biotope quality in the District.