运动预期与羽毛球运动水平的相关研究

Relationship between anticipation and competition ability in badminton

运动专家的预期优势已被大量研究证实,然而在解释为何专家具有预期优势的问题上出现了分歧。主要原因是传统研究在概念上混淆了预期反应和动作选择反应,无法揭示运动预期与运动水平相关本质。运用图像定格技术,在实验技术上清晰分离预期反应和动作选择反应,并借鉴"专家—新手"研究范式,探讨羽毛球竞赛情景中运动预期与运动水平的相关本质。发现运动专家的预期优势主要表现在预期正确率上,预期反应时并无优势。正确预期显著缩短运动行为选择反应时,错误预期显著延长运动行为选择反应时。

A numerous studies have consistently demonstrated that expert sport players are superior to novices in anticipatory skill. However, the mechanism underlying such anticipation advantage is still in debate. Researchers traditionally confused anticipation reaction time with motion selection reaction time, which led to be difficulty revealing the essential relationship between the sports anticipation and performance level. Using ＂expert- novice＂ paradigm and the temporal occlusion technique, this paper was conducted to explore the essential relationship between anticipation skill and performance level by separating the anticipation reaction from choice reaction of action. The results showed that it is the anticipatory accuracy rather than reaction time reflected the superior anticipation skill of experts. However, the motion selection reaction time would be shortened by the fight anticipation and prolonged by the wrong anticipation.