兴安落叶松管胞形态特征和微纤丝角及其径向变异的研究

Tracheid morphology characteristics and microfibrillar angle and their variation patterns of Larix gmelinii

以黑龙江省哈尔滨市方正林场选取的20年生兴安落叶松4株木材为材料,通过对其管胞长度和宽度,长宽比,壁腔比和微纤丝角的测定和分析,探讨了兴安落叶松管胞形态特征和微纤丝角及其径向变异规律。结果表明:(1)兴安落叶松木材管胞长度的平均值为2125.43μm,管胞宽度的平均值为35.06μm,长宽比的平均值为60.67,壁腔比的平均值为0.33,微纤丝角的平均值为27.37°,兴安落叶松木材属于长纤维,是很好的制浆造纸纤维原料。(2)兴安落叶松管胞长度的平均值变异范围为2259.25～2032.25μm;管胞宽度为36.08～34.01μm;长宽比变异范围为64.81～56.39;壁腔比变异范围为0.3916～0.2917;微纤丝角变异范围为27.03°～27.97°,方差分析表明,兴安落叶松木材管胞形态特征和微纤丝角株间差异不显著。(3)兴安落叶松木材管胞长度的径向变化模式为PanshinII型;管胞宽度、长宽比径向变化为从髓心到树皮逐渐增加;壁腔比径向变化呈波动上升趋势;微纤丝角径向变化呈逐渐减小的趋势。

In this paper,4 trees aged 20-year-old of Larix gmelinii （Rupr.）from Fang-Zheng forest station in Harbin city of Heilongjiang Province were selected as the materials. The traeheid length and width, ratio of length to width, ratio of the cell wall to lumen and mircrofibrillar angle were measured, and their variation patterns were analyzed. The results show that： （ 1 ）The average tracheid length is 2 125.43 μm, the average tracheid width is 35.06μm, the average ratio of length to width of wood tracheid is 60. 67, the average ratio of cell wall to lumen of wood tracheid is 0. 33 and the average mircrofibrillar angle of wood tracheid is 27.37°. The fiber of Larix gmelinii belongs to the long fiber, which is suitable for the pulp and paper fiber raw materials. （2）The average traeheid length ranges from 2 259. 25 μm to 2 032.25 μm,the average tracheid width from 36.08 μm to 34. 01μm;the average ratio of length to width from 64. 81 to 56.39 ;the average ratio of cell wall to lumen from 0. 3916 to 0. 2917 and the average mircrofibrillar angle from 27.03° to 27.97°. The analysis of variance show that the difference of traeheid morphological characteristics and microfibrillar angle among different trees is not significant. （3）The radical variation pattern of tracheid length belongs to the type of Panshin II;The traeheid width and the ratio of traeheid length to width increase gradually from pith to bark;The ratio of the cell wall to lumen increases from pith outward with fluctuation and the mircrofibrillar angle decreases gradually.