吴忠地区中小学生早餐质量及饮食行为调查

Survey on the Dietary Behaviors and Breakfast Quality of School Students in Wuzhong

目的了解宁夏吴忠地区学生早餐质量及饮食行为，为开展营养宣教工作提供科学依据。方法采取分层随机抽样的方法，2007年11～12月对该地区8所中小学校的1728名同学进行了问卷调查。结暴每天吃早餐的比例城乡学生分别为63．4％和45．1％，小学生高于中学生（P〈0．01）。就餐地点以家中为主，不吃早餐的原因主要是没时间（中学生为51．4％，小学生为48．2％）。早餐以谷类食物为主，富含优质蛋白质的食物食用频率偏低。但小学生食用牛奶、豆浆、蛋类的比例高于中学生，城市高于农村（P〈O．01）。吃零食现象普遍，农村学生在学校门口购买零食的比例远高于城市学生。各类食品的食用频率存在城乡差别，菌类、鱼虾、豆制品食用较少，粗粮、动物内脏、动物血食用很少。结论学生早餐质量总体水平不高，存在一些不良的饮食习惯，尤其是农村学生。应开展多种形式的营养教育。

Objective To explore the problems on dietary behaviors and breakfast quality of primary and secondary school students in Wuzhong area and provide scientific basis for the health education on the nutrition. Methods 1728 students in Wuzhong area were selected by stratified random sampling method between November and December,2007 Dietary behaviors and breakfast quality were investigated. Results 63.4% of students in city and 45.1% of student in the country took breakfast every day. Compared with middle school students, more primary school student took breakfast （P 〈 0.01）. Most students took breakfast at home. The main reason of ＂No Breakfast＂ was the limit of time. （About 51.4 % middle school students and 48.2 % primary school students said so）. The major component of the breakfast was corn. Compared with middle school students, more primary school students in cities took high level of protein and other nutriment （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The breakfast quality of the students is not so good as a whole especially the students in the country. So it is necessary to enforce the health education of nutritional knowledge and take effective measures to improve the nutritional status of students.