利用超声测量水中含沙量垂线分布的方法

Utilizing ultrasound to measure the vertical distribution of sediment concentration in water

本文根据超声反射式测沙的原理，跟踪超声波在水中的传播，实时采集并获取含沙量沿垂线的分布规律．测量所发射的一次超声脉冲，可得含沙量分布的瞬时特性；多次发射并取平均法，则可提高测量的精度．利用这种测沙技术，可研究在各种流速下，含沙量的分布及其运动机理；如果加大探头的功率，有可能探测江河中含沙量沿水深的分布规律．

Base on the principle of ultrasound reflection, this paper discusses how to follow up the spread of ultrasound in sandy water, sample real-timely and obtain the vertical distribution of the sediment concentration. Through measuring one ultrasound impulse, we can measure the instantaneous sediment concentration distribution; and try measuremeats for many times, the precision can be raised. Ultilizing this technique, we may study the sediment concentration distribution and the movement mechanism under various streamflow. If we enhance the power of the probe, we might measure the sediment distribution along its depth in a river.