就业结构与产业结构相关性研究——以西安市为例

Correlation between Employment Structure and Industry Structure

目的探求地区产业结构与就业结构的关系,找出目前影响区域发展的主要问题所在。方法根据1996——2006年统计数据,使用趋势分析法,统计分析法。结果通过计算得到就业结构偏差系数、相关系数、就业弹性系数等指标。结论认为目前西安市就业结构与产业结构之间存在以下问题:(1)第一产业经济增长的贡献率太低,产生大量劳动力溢出,对第二三产业形成巨大就业压力;(2)调整后的第二产业在产业结构依然属于技术和资本密集型产业,对增加就业作用不强,"城乡二元结构"依然存在,限制了普通劳动力就业;(3)第三产业发展迅速,成为解决就业最有效的手段,但是就业岗位已趋于饱和;(4)西安市产业结构和就业结构之间存在着不能协同发展的问题。

The relationship between employment structure and industry structure is researched to discuss the problems that affect the Xi＇an development. Based on the statistic data from 1996 to 2006, the trend analysis method and statistical analysis method are used. The deflection coefficient and elastic coefficient and correlation coefficient are counted. Conclusions are： （1） The proportion of primary industry in GDP is decreasing. The labor is flow out of the primary industry and it brings the large pressure to employment in secondary and tertiary industries. （2） The secondary industry structure is adjusted, but its effect on increase in employment is very little. （3） The tertiary industry can accepts the labor flowing out but its capacity is almost saturated. （4） The change of employment structure does not cooperate with the change of industry structure.