论乡村政治的空间结构——村民小组与村庄空间结构的相关性研究

On the Spatial Structure of Rural Politics——Village Group and the Spatial Structure

中国农村是一个超大型的社会实体,不同区域的农村由于地理、文化等条件的不同表现出了极大的差异性,这也必将决定不同区域村庄性质的不同,从而对乡村治理带来影响,导致国家政策在不同区域农村具有不同的实施机制。调查发现,在江西和山东农村,一个自然村通常被分为几个生产队,村民小组由分田到户之前的作业组转变而来;而在江汉平原上的农村,一个生产队则通常包括几个自然村,而后来的村民小组就或者由生产队的作业组或者由生产队自身转化而来,并成为当代中国农村的一个最基本的政治单元;江淮平原的小井村的村民小组同样由生产队转化而来,但生产队一般是一个自然村,因而村民小组的认同更强。

China＇ s rural areas are very large social entities. Different regions in rural areas manifest great differences because of different geographic, cultural and other conditions, which will also decide the different nature of villages and different enforcement in rural areas in Jiangxi and Shandong, a natural mechanisms of national policies. The author found that village is usually divided into several production teams, and in the Jianghan Plain, a production team usually includes some villages, and group of villagers are convented either by the production team＇ s operating group or by their own production team. This paper discusses the group＇ s construction of the villagers, reveals the group of villagers to build the complex as a national study of political meaning, to understand the contemporary Chinese rural governance.