七方十剂理论在宋代的发展

The development of theory of "Seven kinds of prescriptions" and "Ten formulas of materia medica" in the Song Dynasty

"七方"、"十剂"是方剂学中两种重要的方剂分类方法。通过研究发现,"七方"现知最早见于南宋许叔微《伤寒九十论》,它在宋代医学教育中广为运用;"十剂"源于唐代陈藏器的药之大体十种,在北宋《圣济经》中,其概念由药之"种"扩大为"剂"。"七方十剂"对后世方剂功效分类有很大的影响。文章重点论述了"七方十剂"在宋代的发展,并试分析原因。

＂Seven kinds of prescriptions＂ and ＂Ten formulas of materia medica＂ were important classifications of prescription. According to textual research, the tire of＂Seven kinds of prescriptions＂ appeared first in XU Shu-wei＇s Shang hart jiu shi lun （Ninety Essays on Cold Pathogenic Diseases）, which was applied in medical education in the Song Dynasty. The title of ＂Ten formulas of materia medica＂ was beginning from CHEN Cang-qi＇s ten kinds of ＂general drugs＂, and its concept was expanded from ＂kind＂ of drugs into ＂prescription＂ in Sheng ji jing （Classic of Holy Universal Relief） of the Song Dynasty. These two classifications had great influence on classification of prescription based on functions in later time. The development of ＂Seven kinds of prescriptions＂ and ＂Ten formulas of materia medica＂ in the Song Dynasty was discussed, and the reasons was analyzed in this paper.