大气湍流对天基遥感系统地面分辨率的影响

Effect of Atmospheric Turbulence on Image Ground-Resolution of Space-Based Remote Sensing System

分辨率是所有光学成像系统最重要的技术指标之一。当成像系统与待成像目标之间存在大气湍流时,后者便会在不同程度上影响图像分辨率。天基光学遥感更加关心大气湍流对目标地面分辨率的影响。从大气湍流相干长度和到达角起伏两个角度,通过详细的公式推导和数值计算,分别讨论天基光学遥感系统成像过程中湍流对图像地面分辨率的影响。结果表明,地面分辨率0.5 m以上的甚高分辨率遥感成像需要考虑大气湍流因素。

To all optical imaging systems, resolution is one of the foremost technical indexes. Between imaging system and the object, when atmospheric turbulence exists, it will influence image resolution at different degrees. In space-based remote sensing, the atmospheric turbulence influence to ground sample distance （GSD） of the object is much more concerned. Based on atmospheric turbulence coherent length and arrival angle undulation, through detailed formula ratiocinations and numerical computations, the influences of the turbulence on image ground resolution have been discussed during the imaging process of space-based remote sensing system respectively. The results show, in remote sensing imaging system, while the GSD achieving 0.5 m or much more accurate, the factors of atmospheric turbulence need to be considered.