四川甘洛铅锌矿区优势植物的重金属含量

An investigation of heavy-metal concentration in cominant plant species in a zinc-lead mining area in Ganluo County of Sichuan Province

通过野外调查采样,分析了四川凉山州甘洛县铅锌矿区土壤的重金属含量,以及矿区生长的13种优势植物对Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Cu的吸收与富集能力及其富集特性。结果表明,矿区土壤受Pb、Zn、Cd3种重金属污染严重,13种植物体内的Pb含量均高于普通植物10倍以上,具有修复矿区土壤铅污染的潜力,其中植物1的转运系数和富集系数都大于1,满足Pb超富集植物的基本特征。Zn在凤尾蕨、细风轮菜、大火草、蔗茅、小飞蓬和牛茄子中含量较高。小飞蓬和紫茎泽兰的Cd含量较一般植物高出17～61倍,其中,紫茎泽兰的转运系数与富集系数均大于1,其对Cd的吸收特性值得进一步研究。

A study was conducted to investigate heavy metal contents in dominant plant species and their associated soils in a Zinc-Lead mining area in Ganluo County of Sichuan Province.Contents of such heavy metals as Pb,Zn,Cd,Cr and Cu were determined in 13 plant species in order to assess their potentials in phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted areas.The study revealed that soils of the mining area were highly contaminated by Pb,Zn and Cd.The Pb concentration in the 13 plant species was over 10 times greater than that in other plant species,indicating their potentials in in-situ remediation of the heavy-metal contaminated soils.Among the studied plant species,both the highest transfer factor（TF）and the highest bioaccumulation factor（BF）of plant species 1 were greater than 1,and this species can be designated as hyperaccumulator.It can be used in phytoremediation of contaminated soil in mining areas.Pteris cretia Linn.var.nervossa（Thunb.）ching et S.H.Wu,Clinopodium gracile（Benth.）Matsum.,Anemone tomentosa（Maxim.）Péi,Erianthus rufipilus（Steud.）Griseb,Conyza canadensis（L.）Cronq.and Solanum surattense Burm.can accumulate Zn.Cd concentrations in C.canadensis and Eupatorium adenophorum were 17～61 times higher than that in other plants.In addition,both TF and BF of E.adenophorum were over 1 for Cd and its absorption characteristic of Cd is worth further research.