康复期劳教戒毒人员身心症状分析

Survey on Physiological and Psychological Symptoms of Drug Abusers under Rehabilitation Period Through Labor

目的探讨康复期劳教戒毒人员的身心状况及其相关机制。方法采用自编的《康复期劳教戒毒人员临床症状调查表》和《艾森克个性问卷》对1004例康复期劳教戒毒的阿片类物质依赖者进行测评,并对相关症状进行分析。结果康复期劳教戒毒人员主要躯体症状为全身乏力、健忘、关节酸痛、心慌和四肢不适;主要心理症状为心理渴求、失眠及焦虑,艾森克自评问卷分析显示,心理渴求群组P分和E分与对照组有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),失眠人群和焦虑人群的N分均明显偏高(P<0.01)。结论康复期劳教戒毒人员的躯体症状主要为全身乏力、健忘、关节酸痛、心慌和四肢不适,其原因可能是神经内分泌系统失衡和神经系统的可塑性改变;而心理症状则是吗啡精神依赖物质的活性作用与该人群人格特征共同决定的。

Objective To investigate the physiological and psychological symptoms of drug abusers under rehabilitation period through labor. Methods A self-designed clinical symptoms questionnaire and Eysenck Personality Questionaire （EPQ） were used to evaluate 1 004 drug abusers under rehabilitation period through labor, and the related symptoms were analyzed. Results The mainly physiological symptoms were fatigue, forgetfulness, aching pain of joints, arrhythmia and discomfort of limbs, and the mainly psychological symptoms are drug craving, insomnia and anxiety. The mean scores of P and E were higher in those who had the drug craving symptoms （ P 〈0.01）, and the mean scores of N were higher in those who had the insomnia or anxiety symptoms （ P〈0.01）. Conclusion The mainly physiological symptoms of drug abusers under rehabilitation period through labor are fatigue, forgetfulness, aching pain of joints, arrhythmia and discomfort of limbs, which are probably caused by the unbalance of the nervous and internal secretive systems, and the plastisity of the nervous system. The psychological symptoms may due to the effect of morphine and the personality of the drug abusers.