释放花绒寄甲卵对光肩星天牛幼虫的防治效果

Biocontrol of Asian Longhorned Bettle Larva by Releasing Eggs of Dastarcus helophoroides (Coleoptera:Bothrideridae)

采用木块法饲养花绒寄甲成虫,然后将其所产的卵块保存在5℃恒温条件下,以确定低温保存后花绒寄甲卵的生活力、初孵幼虫的行为学和对光肩星天牛幼虫的寄生率,并比较林间释放花绒寄甲卵与树干打孔注药(氧化乐果)防治光肩星天牛幼虫的防治效果。结果表明:低温保存49天与花绒寄甲新产卵的孵化率没有差异,花绒寄甲1龄幼虫在室内可存活1～8天、平均2.26天,爬行速度为6.5～100cm.h-1,平均25.23cm.h-1,室内及林间释放花绒寄甲卵后其初孵幼虫均能找到光肩星天牛幼虫并进行寄生;如果温度和湿度适宜,按照每头光肩星天牛幼虫释放15～25粒花绒寄甲卵时其寄生率可达90%;树干打孔注药与林间释放花绒寄甲卵后光肩星天牛幼虫的虫口减退率均在85%以上,两者的控制效果基本无差别。

The adults of Dastarcus helophoroides were reared in grooves of wood blocks, and their eggs were preserved at 5℃ to maintain the egg viabilities of D. helophoroides. This study observed the behavior and parasitical rates of newly hatched larvae of D. helophoroides to larvae of Anoplophora glabripennis, and compared the control effect to A. glabripennis between releasing D. helophoroides eggs in forests and injecting a pesticide, Omethoate, in trunks. The results showed hatching rates of D. helophoroides eggs preserved in low temperature for 49 d had no difference from those of newly laid eggs. First instars larva of D. helophoroides Survived 1 ～ 8 d in laboratory, with an average of 2.26 d. Crawling speed of a larva was 6.5 ～100 cm·h^- 1, on average of 25.23 cm·h^- 1 . Newly hatched larvae released in both laboratory and forest could find and parasitize their hosts. With proper temperature and humidity environment, the parasitical rate could reach 90% if releasing 15 ～ 20 D. helophoroides eggs per one A. glabripennis larva. The population of A. glabripennis declined more than 85 % after both releasing eggs of D. helophoroides in forests and injecting the pesticide in trucks. It was proved there was no difference in control effect to A. glabripennis between the two methods.