产品创新对组织绩效关系之研究

A study of relationship between product innovation and organizational performance

越来越多的企业利用不断推出新产品获得市场与消费者的青睐，以建立长期竞争优势。企业若能成功推出新产品，除能以独一无二的新产品提高产品与市场的价值之外，更能提升企业整体竞争力。然而，在现今竞争激烈导致产品生命周期急遽缩短的趋势下，使得产品创新在企业日常营运角色中的重要性日渐增加，企业若能掌握产品推出时机，并且藉由创新延长产品生命周期，就有机会维持企业在座业中的领导地位。本研究以3M作为个案研究之对象，探讨渐进式创新、技术突破、市场突破以及激追式创新等四种不同的产品创新类型对组织绩效的影响，期能藉由实际个案与相关数据显示产品创新与组织绩效间之关联性。研究结果显示，无论属于何种产品创新类型，对组织绩效都有正向的影响。若能激发激进式产品创新的产生，更能透过新产品或新技术创造新的产品践，亦能强化组织的竞争优势，成为组织竞争优势的根源。3M超过百年的发展历史以及不断创新的历程与经验，使它成为商业历史发展的裹程碑外，更成为现今各企业的典范与楷模。

In order to build the long-term competitive advantage of a business, more and more companies devote efforts on developing new products to obtain higher market share and seize the consumers＇ eyes. However, the intensively competitive tendency of the market dramatically shortens the product life cycles. The role of product innovation, therefore, becomes more and more important. On the other hand, if a company can get the right timing to lunch the new products to extend the product life cycles, the company might be able to maintain its competitive edge in the industry as well. The purpose of the study is to investigate how the four operations of product innovation, incremental innovation, technological breakthrough, market breakthrough, and radical innovation, affect the organizational performance through the 3M case study. The result of the study shows that all the four operations have positive impacts to the organizational performance. Among these four, the radical innovation shows the strongest effect, because such operation holds the most potential to generate new products and product lines. Businesses, thus, are able to reinforce their edges in this competitive market.