改革开放30年中国大陆妇女教育成就——基于全球视野的分析

The Achievement of Women＇s Education in China since Reform and Opening-up： A Global Perspective

改革开放以来，中国大陆妇女教育事业有了长足的发展，取得了令人瞩目的成就。从全球视野来看，中国女性群体的文化素质有明显提高，无论是女性成人识字率还是青年识字率在联合国战略优先发展的9个目标国家中均提高最快；与印度和巴西等发展中人口大国相比，无论是中国女性的小学入学率，还是中学入学率，均提高较快，并且其性别平衡指数上升幅度在九国中处于领先水平；女子高等教育规模发展迅速，女性在高等教育各层次中的比例不断提高且性别指数趋于平衡，在亚洲发展中人口大国中，中国的性别平衡指数最高。中国大陆妇女教育事业的发展，对于提升世界人口整体文化教育水平起到了极大的推动作用，对世界文明与进步作出了巨大贡献。

Women＇s education in China has gained achievements after the Reforms and the Open Door Policy which was implemented since the end of the 1970s. The rates of both adult literacy and youth literacy in China were rising fastest among the nine highly popu- lated developing countries （E9）, which had been set up by the UNESCO as priority development countries of EFA （Education for All）. The rate of women participants in primary and secondary education in China and that of GPI have increased more than in India and Brazil especially considering that China has a bigger burden of population and a greater challenge of realizing the compulsory education of all. Together with the rapid expansion of Chinese higher education systems, the scale of women＇s higher education and women＇s participation in all levels of higher education has also increased rapidly. China＇s Gender Parity Index of participation in higher education was the highest among populated developing countries in Asia. The development of women＇s education in China has raised the general literacy level of the world population.