基于失效风险的建筑物预防维修成本模型优化

The optimization of cost model for building preventive maintenance based on failure risk

建筑物预防性维修成本的最优控制问题,是企业现代化经营管理的一个重要组成部分,直接影响到企业的经济效益。针对承受重复荷载作用的建筑构件,失效概率随服役时间增加而增大的实际情况,提出了失效风险的概念。采用役龄回退因子描述了维修后失效概率降低的程度,在此基础上推算出满足可靠度约束条件,适用于特定时间段非等间隔检测期序列,计算出单位维修周期内的检测次数。通过对维修成本函数的分析,建立了基于等失效风险状态的维修成本优化模型。为房屋物业管理部门进行建筑物的维修和更换决策提供参考依据。

The optimal control of building preventive maintenance cost is important for enterprise modernization management which directly impact on the economic efficiency. The concept of failure risk was put forward for the failure rate of building component under repeated load that increases with working hours. Age reduction factor was used to describe the reduction level of failure probability after maintenance. The constraint condition was deducted satisfying the reliability for non-phase detects sequence in special time interval. The test times were calculated in unit maintenance cycle. The maintenance cost optimal model based on failure risk was established through the analysis of maintenance cost functions. The results provide reference in decision making on buildings maintenance and replacement for the housing department.