隧道安全防护措施探讨

Exploration on the Security Measure for Railway Tunnel

研究目的:本文依据国外经验和我国科技人员研究的实用设备对隧道设计阶段的安全防护措施进行探讨,并针对不同类型的隧道提出安全防护措施建议。研究结论:当隧道内发生灾害时,首先要保证事故情况下的隧道通风,以维持人的正常思维和体力;其次要根据不同情况因地制宜,采取纵向分区和横向通道以及逃生滑道等方式进行隔断处理,脱避灾区;考虑到隧道内断电的可能性,断电时应采用明确的引导措施;机械设备尽可能简单可靠,以能手动为宜;地铁隧道安全防护措施需考虑自动扶梯、屏蔽门等设备的合理设计,山区隧道安全防护措施需考虑防火门和火灾风机等设备的合理设计,过江隧道安全防护措施需考虑防淹门、逃生滑道等设备的合理设计。

Research purposes： In this paper, the discussion is made on the foreign experience and practical equipment developped by China for the security of railway tunnel, and the different protective measures are offered for the different tunnels. Research conclusions： （ 1 ） In the situation of fire hazard happening in tunnel, the ventilation of tunnel should be guaranteed in order to maintain people＇s thinking and physical strength. （2） According to the different situations, the measures, such as adopting vertical division, horizontal channels and escaping chute should be taken to help people to escape the disaster area. （3） Considering the possibility of power off in the tunnel , the clear guiding facilities should be installed for power off. （4） Mechanical tools should be simple and reliable and manual operation is preferred. （5） For subway tunnel, the protective measures for the tunnel security should include auto elevator and screen gate. （6） For mountain tunnel, the protective measures should include fire door and fans. （7） For river tunnel, the protective measures should include waterproof gate and escaping chute.