长沙市居民药店购买抗菌药的调查

Survey of Buying Antibacterial Drug in Pharmacies among Residents in Changsha

目的:了解长沙市居民药店购买抗菌药的现状。方法:采用流行病学现况调查法,随机抽取购药顾客填写问卷并当场收回,对回收问卷进行统计分析。结果:在1490名被调查者中,有345人(23.2%)购买了抗菌药,其中口服抗菌药持处方购买率仅为39.1%。购买较多的抗菌药类别为大环内酯类、青霉素类、头孢菌素类,购买较多的抗菌药为氨苄西林、阿莫西林、乙酰螺旋霉素、罗红霉素、甲硝唑。购买抗菌药原因主要为备用。用于治疗普通感冒、泌尿生殖系统和皮肤真菌感染。结论:城市居民无处方购买和无指征使用抗菌药物现象普遍,需加强药店管理及向大众普及抗菌药知识。

Objective ： To investigate the status of buying antibacterial drug in pharmacies among Changsha residents. Method ： A cross-sectional study was chosen to collect information. A questionnaire filled out and recoveried on the spot by randomly selected cus- tomers who purchase of medicines in pharmacy, then data from the questionnaires were analyzed. Result： There were 345 intervewees （23.2%）who bought antibacterial drug. Only 39.9 percent of these customers bought oral antibacterial drug with a prescription. The main types of antibacterial drug that purchased were macrolides, penicillins and cephalosporins. The main antibacterial drug that purchased were followed by ampiciUin, amoxicillin, aeetylspiramycin, roxithromycin and metronidazole. The purpose of the purchased of antibacterial drug were back-up at home, the common cold, skin fungal infections, gynecological inflammation, coughing and throat pain. Conclusion： It is common that the urban residents purchase without prescription and use antibacterial drug without indication. The study indicated the need to strengthen the management of pharmacies and promote of education of antibacterial drug knowledge in public.