粳型超级稻沈农265田间优适配置及其群体特征

Studies on the Optimal Field Configuration of the Northern Japonica Type Super Rice Shennong 265 and Its Group Characteristics

以粳型超级稻沈农265为试材,采用5种不同田间行穴配置,研究北方粳型超级稻田间优适配置及其群体特征。结果表明,宽窄行稀植(40.0+26.6)cm×13.3cm是粳型超级稻沈农265相对优适的田间配置方式,其群体特征表现为茎蘖生长稳健、无效分蘖少、成穗率高,具有较高的单位面积颖花数和实粒数,同时拥有适宜叶面积指数下的高粒叶比、高位平衡下的库源结构和较高生物产量下的高收获指数,其营养器官的物质转运率和对产量的贡献率也显著高于其他配置。此外,成穗率和粒叶比呈极显著的正相关,高成穗率和高粒叶比二者谐同成为高产群体的本质特征。

The optimal field configuration of the northern Japonica type super rice Shennong 265 was studied through five different row and hill space combinations. The results indicated that wide and narrow row sparse planting （40.0＋26.6）cm× 13.3cm was the best planting pattern for Japonica type super rice Shennong 265, which was beneficial to the tillering growth and had the high numbers of spiketet,filled grains and spike rate, grain-leaf ratio, stable and suitable LAI, coordinated sink- source relation, harvest index, transfer ratio of assimilate, contribution rate and population quality. In addition, spike rate was very significantly correlated with grain-leaf ratio, so the essential characteristic of high yield population was the coordination of high spike rate and high grain-leaf ratio.