基于叶绿体单倍型的山东丹参居群遗传结构分析

Population Genetic Structure of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge in Shandong Province Based on the Chloroplast Haplotypes

依据叶绿体psbA-trnH基因间隔区的序列多态对来自山东地区丹参的3个自然居群和1个栽培居群进行了遗传结构研究。结果显示，80个供试材料中共有10种单倍型，核苷酸多样性为0．024，叶绿体DNA单倍型进化分支分析把10种单倍型分为2大支，但每支都由4个居群的单倍型共同构成；Nei多样性指数为0．284，Shannon信息指数为0．406，多态位点百分比率为70％；4个居群总基因多样性为0．905，居群内平均基因多样性指数为0．747，遗传分化系数为0．175；不同居群间的遗传分化系数为0．017～0．199，基因流为2．013～28．912；AMOVA分析揭示居群间只有5％的遗传差异。研究结果表明，山东丹参遗传多样性水平较高，但由于彼此较高的基因交流，居群间遗传分化水平低，仅有的遗传差异主要存在于居群内；另外，序列谱系关系分析表明山东栽培丹参来源复杂且具有丰富的遗传多样性。

Based on the sequence polymorphism of chloroplast psbA-trnH intergenic spacer region, the genetic structure of 3 wild populations and 1 cultivated population of Salvia miltiorrhiza from Shandong Province was studied. The results indicated that a total of 10 haplotypes were discovered from 80 samples, and 0. 024 of nucleotide diversity were estimated. The cladogram of haplotypes classified 10 haplotypes into 2 major clusters,and each consisted of the haplotypes from 4 populations;Nei＇s gene diversity was 0. 284, Shannon＇s information index was 0. 406 ,and the percentage of polymorphic loci was 70%;the total genetic diversity was 0. 905 and the within-population diversity was 0. 747, interpopulation differentiation was 0. 175;between different population pair, the genetic differentiation ranged from 0. 017 to 0. 199 0, and gene flow ranged from 2. 013 to 28. 912;AMOVA revealed that 5 % of the total genetic variation was partitioned among populations. The results revealed a high level of genetic diversity but low level of genetic differentiation in S. rniltiorrhiza and confirmed that the genetic difference of the species existed mainly within population. In addition,the result also suggested that the cultivated S. miltiorrhiza of Shandong Province had complicated origin, and retained plentiful genetic diversity.